بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

نبدا باذن الله موضوعنا وهو مخصص لطلبة كليات الصيدلة خصوصا اللى بيدرب او بيشتغل فى صيدلة ونعدكم بتوفير كل يوم على الاقل دواء جديد

نبدا مع LIPITOR® ------------------- ليبيتور
atorvastatin calcium --------------------- المادة الفعالة
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لتقليل نسبة الدهون فى الدم
يوجد فى اربعة تركيزات
10مجم : 40جنيه
و 20 مجم : 60 جنيه
و 40 مجم: 90 جنيه
و 80 مجم: 105جنيه
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Mechanism of action:
Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase. Reduces total LDL, cholesterol, serum triglyceride levels. There is little if any effect on serum HDL levels.
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Indications/dosage/route: Oral only.
• Hyperlipidemia
Ð Adults: Initial: 10 mg/d. Maintenance: 10–80 mg/d.
• Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
Ð Adults: 10–80 mg/d.
Adjustment of dosage
• Kidney disease: None.
• Liver disease: None.
• Elderly: None.
• Pediatric: Limited data available.
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Food: No restriction.
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Pregnancy: Category X—contraindicated.
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Lactation: Appears in breast milk. Contraindicated.
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Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to statins, active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevations of serum transaminase, pregnancy, lactation.
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Warnings/precautions
• Use with caution in patients with the following conditions:
renal insufficiency, history of liver disease, alcohol abusers.

• Discontinue if drug-induced myopathy develops. This is characterized by myalgia, creatinine kinase levels >10x normal. 64 ATORVASTATIN
May cause acute renal failure from rhabdomyolysis. May occur more frequently when drug is combined with gemfibrozil or niacin.

• Discontinue drug if patient experiences severe trauma, surgery, or serious illness.
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Advice to patient
• Avoid alcohol.
• Use of OTC medications only with approval from treating physician.
• Exercise regularly, reduce fat and alcohol intake, and stop smoking.
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Adverse reactions
• Common: None.
• Serious: myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, neuropathy, cranial nerve abnormalities, hypersensitivity reactions, pancreatitis, hepatic injury including hepatic necrosis and cirrhosis, lens opacities.
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Clinically important drug interactions
• Drugs that increase effects/toxicity of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: gemfibrozil, clofibrate, erythromycin, cyclosporin, niacin, clarithromycin, itraconazole, protease inhibitors.

• HMG-CoAreductase inhibitors increase effects/toxicity of oral anticoagulants.
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Parameters to monitor
• Total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides.Values should be obtained prior to and periodically after treatment begins to ascertain drug efficacy.
• Serum BUN and creatinine.
• Monitor liver enzymes before beginning therapy, at 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter, and semiannually afterward.
• Signs and symptoms of myopathy: unexplained skeletal muscle pain, muscle tenderness or weakness particularly when accompanied by fever or fatigue. Check creatinine kinase levels. If these are markedly elevated or patient is symptomatic, discontinue drug.
• Discontinue drug if transaminase levels exceed three times
normal values. It may be advisable to take a liver biopsy if
transaminase elevation persists after drug is discontinued.
• Patient’s ophthalmic state should be evaluated once a year following
treatment. If lens opacity occurs, consider discontinuing
drug.
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Editorial comments: Current literature suggests that the most
effective reduction of total and LDL cholesterol occurs with a
combination of exercise, weight reduction, low-fat diet, and
lipid-lowering agents.

2-STUGERON
STUGERON® (tab) ___________ ستجرون
Cinnarizine 25 mg ____________ المادة الفعالة
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لتحسين الدورة الدموية وتدفق الدم لعلاج الغثيان و القئ و الدوار وطنين الاذن و علاج وقائى لدوار البحر
علبة تحتوى 30 قرص ب 6.75 جنيه


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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION:
Antihistaminics, anti-emetics and antivertigo preparations.
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PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION:
Cinnarizine inhibits contractions of vascular smooth muscle cells by blocking calcium channels. Cinnarizine increases erythrocyte deformability and decreases blood viscosity in vitro. Cinnarizine inhibits stimulation of the vestibular system.
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INDICATIONS:
Control of vestibular symptoms of both peripheral and central origin and of labyrinthine disorders including vertigo, dizziness, tinnitus, nystagmus, nausea and vomiting.
Prophylaxis of motion sickness.
Adjunct therapy for symptoms of peripheral arterial disease.
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS:
In patients with known hypersensitivity to cinnarizine.
The safety of STUGERON tablets in pregnant and lactating women has not been established.
Parkinson's disease.
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WARNINGS:
This medicine may lead to drowsiness and impaired concentration, which may be aggravated by simultaneous intake of alcohol or other central nervous system depressants. Patients should not operate hazardous machinery or drive motor vehicles or perform potentially hazardous tasks where loss of concentration may lead to accidents.
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DOSAGE AND DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
As with other antihistamines, STUGERON tablets may cause epigastric distress; taking it after meals may diminish gastric irritation.
Adults and children over the age of 12 years:
Peripheral circulatory disorders: 2-3 x 25 mg tablets three times daily.
Disorders of balance: 1 x 25 mg tablet three times daily.
The maximum recommended dosage should not exceed 225 mg (9 tablets) daily – if necessary the dosage may be divided over 2 or 3 intakes per day. As the effect of STUGERON tablets on vertigo is dose dependent, the dosage should be increased progressively.
Motion Sickness:
Adults: 25 mg may be taken 2 hours before the start of the journey and 12,5 mg to 25 mg may be repeated every 8 hours during the journey when necessary.
Children 8 to 12 years: 12,5 mg (half a tablet) three times daily when necessary.
Children 5 to 7 years: 6,25 mg three times daily when necessary.
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SIDE-EFFECTS AND SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS:
The most common antihistaminic side-effect of cinnarizine is sedation which can vary from slight drowsiness to deep sleep, and including inability to concentrate, lassitude, dizziness, and inco-ordination. Sedative effects, when they occur, may diminish after a few days.
Other side-effects include gastro-intestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea or constipation, anorexia or increased appetite and epigastric pain.

Somnolence and gastro-intestinal disturbances are usually transient and may often be prevented by achieving the optimum dosage gradually.

Cinnarizine may also produce antimuscarinic effects such as blurred vision, difficulty in micturition, dysuria, dryness of mouth and tightness of chest.
Central effects may include muscular weakness, headache and euphoria.
Weight gain, perspiration or allergic reactions may be observed. Cases of lichen planus and lupus-like symptoms and an isolated case of cholestatic jaundice have been reported.
In elderly people cases of aggravation or an appearance of extrapyramidal symptoms sometimes associated with depressive feelings have been described during prolonged therapy. The treatment should be discontinued in such cases.
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Interactions:
Cinnarizine may enhance the sedative effect of central nervous system depressants including alcohol, barbiturates, hypnotics, narcotic analgesics, tricyclic antidepressants, sedatives and tranquillisers.
The side-effects of anticholinergic substances such as atropine and tricyclic antidepressants may be enhanced by the concomitant administration of antihistamines.
Monoamine-oxidase inhibitors may enhance the antimuscarinic effects of antihistamines.
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OVERDOSAGE AND PARTICULARS OF ITS TREATMENT:
Overdose may be fatal especially in infants and children in whom the main symptoms are central nervous system stimulation and antimuscarinic effects including ataxia, excitement, hallucinations, muscle tremor, convulsions, dilated pupils, dry mouth, flushed face and hyperpyrexia. Deepening coma, cardiorespiratory collapse, and death may occur within 18 hours. In adults the usual symptoms are central nervous depression with drowsiness, coma and convulsions. Hypertension may also occur.
Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.

3-Tegretol


[SIZE="3"]Tegretol_____________ تجريتول
carbamazepine __________ المادة الفعالة[/SIZE]▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
مضاد للتشنجات
tegretol 200 mg ( 20 tab ) >>> 11 L.E
tegretol CR 200 mg ( 20 tab ) >>> 16 L.E
tegretol CR 400 mg ( 10 tab ) >>> 12 L.E
tegretol 100 mg / 5 ml ( syrup ) >>> 8 L.E
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Class of drug: Anticonvulsant, analgesic.
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Mechanism of action:
Anticonvulsant action: blocks polysynpatic transmission by inhibiting influx of sodium ions across thecell membrane.

Analgesic action: blocks polysynpatic transmission within the CNS. Also has anticholinergic, antidiuretic, antiarrythmic, muscle relaxant properties.
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Indications/dosage/route: Oral only.

• Epilepsy: tonic–clonic, partial seizures with complex symptoms (psychomotor or temporal lobe seizures)
Ð Adults, children >12 years: Initial: 200 mg b.i.d.; increase dose weekly by 200 mg/d maximum. Maintenance: 800–1200 mg/d.
Maximum: 1600 mg/d.
Ð Children 6–12 years: Initial: 100 mg b.i.d.; increase dose
weekly by 100 mg/d. Maintenance: 400–800 mg/d. Maximum:
1000 mg/d.
• Trigeminal neuralgia (unlabeled use)
Ð Adults: Initial: 100 mg b.i.d. Maintenance: 200 mg–1.2 g/d.
Maximum: 1.2 g/d.
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Adjustment of dosage
• Kidney disease: creatinine clearance <10 mL/min: 75% of standard dose.
• Liver disease: None.
• Elderly: Reduce dose and monitor carefully.
• Pediatric: Safety and efficacy have not been established in children<6 years.
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Food: Should be taken with food to prevent GI upset.
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Pregnancy: Category C. Should be continued during pregnancy if favorable benefits versus risk.
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Lactation: Present in breast milk. Considered compatible by American Academy of Pediatrics. Should be continued during lactation if favorable benefits versus risk.
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Contraindications: Bone marrow depression, use of MAO inhibitor within 14 days, cross-sensitivity with tricyclic antidepressants, hypersensitivity to carbamazepine.
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Warnings/precautions
• Use with caution in patient with the following conditions: mixed type seizures, liver and cardiac disease.
• Carbamazepine should be discontinued if WBC is <3000 and neutrophils <=1500.
• Abrupt withdrawal may precipitate seizures.
• Aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis are significant risks in using carbamazepine.
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Advice to patient
• To minimize possible photosensitivity reaction, apply adequate sunscreen and use proper covering when exposed to strong sunlight.
• If you are receiving an oral contraceptive, use an alternative method of birth control.
• Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants such as opiate analgesics and sedatives (eg, diazepam) when taking this drug.
• Avoid driving and other activities requiring mental alertness or that are potentially dangerous until response to drug is known.
• Notify dentist or treating physician prior to surgery if taking this medication.
• Do not stop taking this drug without consulting treating physician.
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Adverse reactions
• Common: drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, confusion, nausea, vomiting, rash, blurred vision, nystagmus.
• Serious: worsening of seizures, bone marrow depression (including aplastic anemia), hepatitis, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, toxic
epidermal necrolysis, CHF, heart block, arrhythmia.
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Clinically important drug interactions
• Drugs that increase effects/toxicity of carbamazepine: isoniazid, cimetidine, diltiazem, verapamil, erythromycin, propoxyphene,
danazol.
• Drugs that decrease effects/toxicity of carbamazepine: phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, theophylline.
• Carbamazepine increases effects/toxicity of following: primidone, clomipramine, lithium, phenytoin.
• Carbamazepine decreases effects/toxicity of following: phenytoin,
warfarin, doxycycline, theophylline, alprazolam, rifampin,
cisplatin, oral contraceptives, cyclosporine, clonazepam, valproic acid.

4-CRESTOR® (tab


CRESTOR® (tab) __________________ كريستور
Rosuvastatin calcium __________________ المادة الفعالة▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
لخفض نسبة الكوليستيرول فى الدم
يوجد منه تركيزين 10 و 20 مجم
علبة تركيز 10 مجم تحتوى 7 أقراص ب 40 جنيه
علبة تركيز 20 مجم تحتوى 7 أقراص ب 60 جنيه
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CRESTOR (rosuvastatin calcium) is indicated as adjunctive therapy to diet to reduce elevated Total-C, LDL-C, ApoB, nonHDL-C, and triglycerides and to increase HDL-C in adult patients with primary hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia. Lipidaltering agents should be used in addition to a diet restricted in saturated fat and cholesterol when response to diet and nonpharmacological interventions alone has been inadequate.

Most common side effects :
* headache
* myalgia
* abdominal pain
* asthenia
* nausea

Drug interactions :
Cyclosporine
Gemfibrozil
Protease Inhibitors
Coumarin Anticoagulants
Niacin
Fenofibrate

mawdooo3 zay el fool walahii
gzaakom allah 5ayran